Tirupunavasal Sri Vruddhapureeswarar (Pazhampathinathar) Temple, Pudukottai

Address

Tirupunavasal Sri Vruddhapureeswarar (Pazhampathinathar) Temple, Tirupunavasal, Avudayarkoil Taluk, Pudukottai District, PIN 614629 PH: 04371-239212

Diety

Pazhampathinathar,Vruddhapureeswarar , Amman: Periya nayagi

Introduction

Thirupunavasal Vruddhapureeshwarar or Pazhampathinathar Temple is located on the seashore near Aavudaiyar Kovil in Pudukkottai Dist. This is one of the Paadal Petra Sthalams and it falls in the Pandi Naadu zone. Since this Kshethram came much before Thiruvannamalai, there is no Lingothbhavar in this temple. Instead of that, we have the shrine of Maha Vishnu in that place. This temple is also called Vruddha Kasi meaning Older Kasi. It is believed that this place existed much before Kasi. The river Pambaru (Pambu Aaru) flows south of the temple. The sea is at a distance of 3kms. Since this place is located just at the entrance of the river into the sea, it is named as Thirupunavasal (Punal – Entrance). The Shiva temple here is called Viruthapuraswarar Koil. It has huge lingam in the sanctum sanctorum. The Shaivite saints Thirunavukarasar and Thirugnana Sambandar sang hymns in praise of the Lord here. The temple covers an area of about 3 acres (12,000 m2) and much of the structure dates back to thePandya period. Massive walls surrounding the temple and the picturesque Rajagopuram beautify thisshrine. The Nandi and the Shivalingam are huge here, and so is the vimanam crowning the sanctum.There are two entrances to the temple corresponding to the Shiva and the Ambal shrines. The presiding deity lord Shiva is called as Pazhampathi Nathar and the Ambal his consort mother Parvathi is called asKarunai Nayaki. The niches around the sanctum sanctorum are enshrined with Ganapati, Dakshinamurthy and in place ofLingodbhavar, Mahavishnu is placed. Lord Hanuman is too found in this temple. The Nataraja Sabhahere is referred to as the Sivagnana Sabha.

Puranic Significance

As per the Sthala Purana, Lord Brahmma lost his position as Creator as he was not able to explain the meaning of the Pranava Mantram. As advised by the Goddess Parvathi, He came to earth, installed a Shiva Lingam and worshipped to get back his position. Lord Brahmma also created a spring to draw water for the Abishekam of Lord Shiva. Since the spring was created by him, it is called Brahmma Theertham. Also, since Brahmma has four faces, He made the Lingam also with four faces. Hence the Lingam came to be known as Chaturmukha Lingam – Chaturmukha – four faces. It is said that this was the Lingam worshipped by the devotees in the early days. You could still see this Lingam in the temple. The temple is believed to be some 2000 years old. Later during the reign of the king Sundara Pandian, He built the temple combining the traditions of both the Pandyas and the Cholas. Since the temple combines the architecture of both the Cholas and the Pandyas, the Rajagopuram (the main temple tower) and the main Vimana (Gopuram of the main Sanctum) are taller. Lord Shiva is named as Vruddhapureeshwarar considering the age of the temple. Vruddha means Old. In Tamil, He is known as Pazhampathinathar. It is said that Lord Brahmma, Goddess Lakshmi, Maha Vishnu along with Indra, Surya, Chandra, Yama, Airavatham, Vasishta and Agasthyar worshipped Lord Shiva here. So, this temple has totally 10 Theerthams, unlike the other Shiva temples that might have a maximum of 3 or 4 Theerthams. The names of those temple Theerthams are Indra Theertham, Ganga Theertham, Brahmma Theertham, Chandra Pushkarni, Lakshmi Theertham, Surya Pushkarni, Chakra Theertham, Sarpa Nadhi (Pambu Aaru), Kalyana Theertham and Varuna Theertham. Lord Brahmma had to lose his position as Creator as he was not able to explain the meaning of the Pranava Mantra. Asadvised by Mother Parvathi, He came to earth, installed aSivalinga and worshipped to get back his position. Brahmmaalso created a tank to draw water for the abishek of Lord Shiva.As the spring was created by him, it is called BrahmmaTheertha. Also, as Brahmma has four faces, He made fourfaces in the Linga too, hence the Linga came to be known asChaturmuka Linga – Chaturmukha – four faces. This was theLinga worshipped by devotees in the early days. In the yearsthat followed, King Sundara Pandian built a temple combiningthe tradition of both Pandyas and the Cholas. In the Cholatemple, the main tower (Rajagopuram) would be small andVimanam taller and in the Pandya temples it would be otherway round. As the temple combines both traditions both aretaller. The Shivalinga was installed on a big Avudayar (the seatfor placing the deity) in the sanctum sanctorum. The Lord wasnamed Vruddhapureeswarar indicating the age. Vruddhameans old. In Tamil, He is called Pazhampathinathar. As theplace is ancient as Lord Brahmma the Creator, the place isconsidered to be very old. The main Goddess of the temple is Periyanayaki or Brahannayaki. She graces Her devotees from a separate shrine facing east. Opposite to the Goddess’s shrine is the shrine for Goddess Kali. She is known as Kudavarai Kali. It is said that we cannot worship the Kali directly since she is said to be Furious in Nature (Ugram). So we would be able to have the full darshan of the Goddess Kali through the mirror that is placed in front of her. Devotees performing Valaikappu-Seemantham for pregnant women offer the first bangles to the Goddess here. By doing so, it is strongly believed that the Goddess would Grace the safe delivery of the baby.

Beliefs

Relief from Mars aspects: Mars is one of the 9 planets. He himself was the subject of a curse of a sage. He worshipped Lord Shiva in this temple for relief from the curse. It should be noted that Mars is a powerful planet whose adverse aspects in the life of men would produce evil results. As Mars himself gotthe relief in this temple, it is known for its importance for a relief from Mars effects. Those celebrating the Valaikappu-Seemantham for the pregnant women, offer the first bangle to the Goddess. It is noteworthy, till today there is not a single maternity hospital inplaces around the temple. Their faith is so deep that by the grace of Kali, the delivery would safely occur in their respective house itself. This Sthalam is also considered as the Parihara Sthalam for overcoming the ill-effects of the planet Mars (Sevvai). It is said that the planet Mars once got relieved from a curse by worshipping the Lord here in this temple. So this temple is known for its importance for relief from the effects of Mars. Last but not the least, this temple is known as “Moksha Sthalam”. It is believed that by worshipping the Lord after taking bath in Brahmma Theertham will give Moksha (Relief from re-birth). So it is said that only those who don’t have re-birth would be blessed to enter the temple to get the blessings of the Lord. Based on this only, we have a famous saying as “Punavasal Kandar Poovasal Puguvar”. Relief from Mars aspects: Mars is one of the 9 planets. He himself was the subject of a curse of a sage.He worshipped Lord Shiva in this temple for relief from the curse. It should be noted that Mars is apowerful planet whose adverse aspects in the life of men would produce evil results. As Mars himselfgot the relief in this temple, it is known for its importance for a relief from Mars effects. Those celebrating the Valaikappu-Seemantham for the pregnant women, offer the first bangle to theGoddess. It is noteworthy, till today there is not a single maternity hospital in places around the temple.Their faith is so deep that by the grace of Kali, the delivery would safely occur in their respective houseitself.

Special Features

Surya puja (Puja to Sun God) is performed on Vaikasi Visakamstar day (May-June) as the rays of Sun falls on the presiding deity. The unique feature of this temple is its biggest Suyambhu Lingam. More than that, another interesting fact is that the lingam still grows in height. A few years back they made alterations to the Nagabharanam (The snake ornament that is seen on the Shiva Lingam) as the lingam grew. It is said that the Lingam grew again and so they are going to make some more attachment to the Nagabharanam. It is really amazing to hear such facts!! It is also believed that the King Raja Raja Chozan designed the Shiva Lingam of the Thanjavur Brahadeeshwara Temple after visiting this temple. Lord Shiva!! He graces His devotees in the form of Suyambu Shiva Lingam. As I mentioned earlier, it is believed that the Chola King Rajaraja Chola built the Thanjavur Bragadeeswarar Temple after visiting this temple. Later His son Rajendra Chola built the Gangaikonda Cholapuram with the Shiva Lingam that is bigger than the Thanjavur Shiva Lingam. The Lingam in the Thanjavur Brahadeeshwara Temple is 12.5 feet tall and the one in Gangaikondacholapuram is 13.5 feet tall. The circumference of the Aavudayar (the seat or throne on which the Lingam is installed) is 60 feet round in these temples. But when it comes to the Thirupunavasal Temple, the Shiva Lingam is 9 feet tall and the Aavudayar is 82.5 feet round. So, while dressing up the Aavudayar, they need 2 people. One has to hold the Dhoti while the other has to go round to cover the Aavudayar. The Lingam requires 3 Muzham (a scale of measurement) cloth and the Aavudayar requires 30 Muzham cloth to wrap around. A Muzham is approximately 2.75 Feet. Based on this measurement, they require around 90 feet Dhoti for dressing up the Lord. So the devotees place orders with the weavers for a 90 feet dhoti and offer it to the Lord. Abishekam to the Lord will be performed by standing on the ladders that are built around the Aavudayar. There are shrines for Pancha Vinayaka, 9 sons of Sage Kabila, idols of the Nayanmars, Dakshinamurthy, Narthana Vinayaka, Lord Muruga with his consorts Valli and Deivanai, Lord Brahmma, Chandikeswarar, Goddess Gajalakshmi and Lord Hanuman.