Mosale Nageshvara - Chennakeshava Temple complex - Karnataka

Address

Mosale Nageshvara – Chennakeshava Temple complex – Karnataka

Mosale, Hassan city,

Karnataka 573120

Moolavar

Nageshvara – Chennakeshava (Shiva&Vishnu)

Introduction

Nageshvara – Chennakeshava temples of Mosale, are a pair of nearly identical temples in the village of Mosale near Hassan city, Karnataka, India. One for Shiva, other for Vishnu, this pair is a set of highly ornamented stone temples, illustrating the Hoysala architecture. This temple complex is protected as a monument of national importance by the Archaeological Survey of India

Puranic Significance

By plan, the temples are simple single-shined structures with all the standard features of Hoysala architecture; a porch entrance into a square closed mantapa or navaranga (hall with no windows and a thick wall) leading to the sanctum, and a superstructure (shikhara) over the main shrine fitting the description of a ekakuta (single shrine with top).

The sanctum (garbhagriha) is connected to the hall by a vestibule called sukhanasi. The closed hall, whose inner and outer walls are decorated, has four central lathe turned pillars that support a bay ceiling. The temples are constructed next to each other. The Nageshvara temple (lit, “Lord of snakes”), dedicated to the god Shiva is in the south. The Chennakeshava temple (lit, “beautiful Vishnu”), dedicated to the god Vishnu, is to the north the superstructure (tower or shikhara) over each shrine is three tiered (tritala arpita) and vesara in style. It is intact, finely sculptured and has a decorative low extension which is actually the tower over the vestibule (that connects the cella (sanctum) and the hall). The extension tower looks like the “nose” of the main superstructure and is also called sukhanasi.

The sukanasi structure holds the beautiful Hoysala crest that depicts a royal warrior stabbing a lion. At the top of the superstructure of the shrine is a sculptured amalaka, whose ground surface area can be 2×2 meters. It is the largest piece of sculpture in the temple. The amalaka supports a decorative water pot like structure called the kalasha which is the apex of the tower. All these features are intact in both temples.

The decorative features found on the temple outer wall (horizontal treatment) belong to the pre-Hoysala traditions. In this type of decorations, below the superstructure. Below the eaves are decorative Bhumija and Vesara miniature towers on pilasters. The large wall images of deities and their attendants are placed below these decorative towers. Some of these images are mutilated and damaged, but others are in reasonably preserved form to affirm their elegance and art. Some of the panel images at the Nageshvara temple have been signed by the artists on their pedestals.

The panels found in the Nagesvara temple include those of Sridevi, Lakshmidevi, Gauri, Maheshvari, Brahma, Sadashiva (form of Shiva) and Bhumidevi (representation of mother earth). The Channakeshava temple has sculptures of Garuda (the eagle), Keshava (a form of Vishnu), Janardana, Venugopala, Madhava (a form of Krishna) and Bhudevi. Below these images, the base of the wall comprises five different horizontal moldings, one of which is a row of blocks.

Special Features

These temples also include panels of artwork related to the goddess tradition of Shaktism and Vedic deities. Another notable feature of these temples is the artwork in their ceilings, how the shilpins (artisans) integrated the historic pre-Hoysala architectural innovations from the Chalukya era. Further, the temples include north Indian Bhumija and south Indian Vesara aedicules on the outer walls above the panels. It is unclear when this temple pair was built, but given the style and architectural innovations embedded therein, it was likely complete before 1250 CE.